ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the bichemical and morphological effects of L -Arginine against the changes caused by butter and corn oil supplementation Study design: A prospective experimental study Place: Department of Anatomy BMSI, JPMC Duration: August to October 2008
Methodology: Male Albino rats weighing 200 - 240gm were selected and divided into 5 groups. Group 'CL' received standard laboratory diet. Group 'Bu' received 20% added unsalted butter in diet. Group 'Co' received 20% added corn oil in diet. Group 'BuAr' received 20% Butter with L-Arginine 300mg /kg body weight /day orally .Group'CoAr' received 20%corn oil along with L-Arginine 300mg/kg body weight/day orally. On completion of study period that is 4 weeks, animals were sacrifised. Blood was drawn for hormonal assays. Adrenal glands were removed and fixed in buffered neutral formalin. Right adrenals were processed and sectioned at4 microm thickness to be stained with Mallory trichrome stain to visualize blood vessel. Left adrenalswere sectioned with cryostat in 10 microm sections and stained with Oil red O to visualize fat in cells
Results: Highly significant and moderately significant decrease observed in ACTH [Adrenocorticotrophic hormone]levels in Group BuArand CoAr when compared to Bu and Co respectively; insignificant difference was found between BuAr and CoAr. Moderately significant and significant decrease observed in corticosterone levels in Group BuAr and CoAr when compared to Buand Co respectively. Insignificant difference was found between BuAr and CoAr . Mallory trichrome stained section showed less dilated blood vessels in BuAr and CoAr compared to Bu and Co respectively, while difference among the former two was not remarkable. Oil red O stained sections showed less densely packed fat globules in group BuAr and CoAr compared to Bu and Co respectively. Difference between BuAr and CoAr was not marked
Conclusion: Butter has more stimulatory effect on adrenal cortical cells but the comparison with corn oil is not statistically significant except for ACTH levels. L Arginine seems to be effective in lowering the levels of stress hormones, fat accumulation and vasodilatation when given along with corn oil and butter oil
ABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the restorative effect of L-arginine on body weight and weight of adrenal glands in streptozotocin [STZ] induced diabetic rats
Methodology: This experimental study was undertaken at the Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical Sciences Institute [BMSI], Jinnah Post graduate Medical Centre [JPMC], Karachi. Fifty healthy albino rats were equally divided into five groups.Group-A was taken as control. Group-B was treated with STZ. Group-C was given STZ with insulin. Group-D received STZ with L-arginine and Group-E was administered STZ along with both L-arginine and insulin. After the confirmation of diabetes by STZ, treatment was continued for a period of 6 weeks. The animals were sacrificed at the end of 6 weeks. At the start and end of the study period mean body weight of animals was calculated. Effect of L-arginine was observed on body weight of animals and weight of adrenal glands and compared with insulin
Results: The decrease in mean body weight of animals due to STZ was less significant when L-arginine and insulin were added to the therapy. Whereas the increase in adrenal glands weight was also less marked on administering L-arginine and insulin
Conclusion: L-arginine has restorative effect on gross morphology and weight of adrenal glands which is comparable to insulin
ABSTRACT
To study the effects of L-Arginine on high fat diet induced changes in adrenal cortex. A prospective experimental study. This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre Karachi from August 2008 to October 2008. Thirty male adult albino rats were taken for the study and were divided into three groups according to the dietary regimen. Group A received control diet. Group B received high fat diet with 20% added fat in the form of butter. Group C received high fat diet along with L-Arginine 300mg/kg/ day orally. After the end of the study period that is 8 weeks, animals were weighed and sacrificed. The adrenal glands were removed, fixed in buffered neutral formalin and after processing embedded in paraffin to form blocks. 4 micro m thick sections were cut and stained with H and E and Mallory's trichrome stains for morphometeric study. Highly significant increase in weight [P<0.001] was observed in animals of Group B and moderately significant [P<0.01] decrease was observed in Group c animals when compared to control and group B animals respectively. Cortical enlargement was found in zona glomerulosa and fasciculate and decreased thickness was observed in zona reticularis in group B animals, when compared to control, the results were highly significant [P<0.001]. In group C decreased cortical thickness was noted in zona glomerulosa and fasciculata but in zona Mallory's trichrome stained sections of Group B animals showed dilated blood vessels in the three cortical zones, more numerous in zona fasciculate when compared to control animals. In Group C no marked change was observed in all three cortical zones when compared to control. L-Arginine restricts the excessive weight gain caused by high fat diet. It also ameliorates the hypertrophic and vasodilatory effects on adrenal cortex caused by high fat diet
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Adrenal Cortex/drug effects , Dietary Fats , Weight Gain , RatsABSTRACT
High fat diet stimulates Hypothalamic -pituitary- adrenal [HPA] axis activity and enhances the release of corticosteroids from adrenal gland which in turn contributes to metabolic syndrome by producing insulin resistance. Present study objectives are to compare the effects of two different types of fat that is saturated and polyunsaturated on the histology of adrenal gland with respect to its activity. Prospective experimental. Department of Anatomy BMSI, JPMC August - October: 2008 A total of 30 adult male albino rats weighing 200-240 gm, aged 190 days were divided into three groups. group 'A' received standard laboratory diet and group 'B' received high saturated fats in the form of unsalted butter as 20% added fat of the total calories. Group 'C' received high unsaturated fats in diet i.e. 20% fat added in the form of corn oil of the total calories. Each group was subdivided according to their time of sacrifice i.e. 4 and 8 weeks respectively. Animals were sacrificed at the end of their respective periods by ether anesthesia. Adrenal glands were dissected out, weighed and processed for paraffin embedding and sectioned at 41mm thickness to be stained with H and E, for cell count and cell diameter in the 3 cortical zones. Observations on adrenal gland weight /100gm of body weight of butter and corn oil treated groups revealed moderately significant decrease in weight in corn oil treated group at 4 weeks while there was insignificant difference at 8weeks when compared to butter treated group. There was insignificant difference in cell count in the three zones between butter and corn oil treated groups. Cell diameter in zona fasciculata was significantly increased in butter treated groups at 8 weeks when compared to corn oil treated group. Insignificant differences were found in most of the observation between the 2 fat groups. Insignificant difference in adrenal gland weight /100gm body weight between butter and corn oil treated groups at 8 weeks was because of less marked increase in body weight in corn oil treated group. Zona fasciculata showed increase cell size in butter treated group reflecting increased stress hormone release
ABSTRACT
Obesity has become a worldwide problem due to westernization of diet, even in developing countries leading to consumption of high-fat diet. One of the most common diseases resulting from use of high-fat diet is fatty liver. Garlic is one of the oldest herbs used for medicinal purposes since ancient times. So the present study was undertaken to observe the protective role of fresh garlic on high-fat diet induced fatty liver in albino rats and correlate the results with previous studies. Thirty adult albino rats, weighing from 200-240 gram were taken for this study. The rats were divided into 3 groups according to dietary regimen, Group A received control diet, Group B received high- fat diet [20 ml corn oil in 100 gm of diet] and Group C received high-unsaturated fat diet with fresh garlic [20 ml corn oil with 6 gm fresh garlic in 100 gm of diet], for 8 weeks at the end of which they were sacrificed and tissue slides stained with haematoxylin and eosin. There was marked increase in weights in rats receiving high fat diet. Haematoxylin and eosin stained sections showed moderate fatty infiltration with empty spaces in hepatocytes with absent or pyknotic nuclei in high-fat group which were preserved to a great extent in group receiving fresh garlic along with high-fat diet. This study has proved that use of fresh garlic along with high-fat diet prevents its damaging effects in liver to a great extent
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Fatty Liver/prevention & control , Fatty Liver/diet therapy , Rats , Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects , Obesity , Plants, MedicinalABSTRACT
To observe and compare the histological features of fat induced adrenal cortex in albino rats. Prospective experimental study. Department of anatomy, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from August 2008 to October 2008. Twenty, young, male albino rats were selected for this study and were divided into 2 groups. Group A served as control and received normal diet. Group B received high-fat diet with 20 gms of saturated fat in the form of unsalted dairy butter per 100 gms of diet. Both groups were further divided into two Al and A2, B1 and B2 according to period of study i.e. 4 and 6 weeks respectively. On completion of experimental period, animals were weighed then sacrificed. Adrenal glands were removed, weighed and processed for paraffin sectioning. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was done for histological study. Cortical zones examined for apparent zonal hypertrophy, and cellular and nuclear changes. Increase in body weight and weight of Adrenal glands were highly significant [P<0.001]. Apparent increase in zona fasciculata observed was consistent with increased activity of gland. Cells in this zone appeared vacuolated due to presence of fat. In some areas of zona glomerulosa pyknosis and distortion of cell out line seen. High-fat diet induces increase in body weight and weight of adrenal gland which were due to hypertrophied zona fasciculata mainly, suggesting that these findings lead to increased activity and secretion of glucocorticoids